Aug 2021
FSSM in Urban Areas: Service and Business Models
The document is presenting a variety of leading practices in FSSM in urban India. These service and business models are identified across the FSSM value chain to cover Containment, Emptying and Transport, Treatment and Safe Reuse and Disposal of treated faecal waste focused examples. The cases cover state and city interventions to demonstrate learning from state-wide approaches, city level initiatives, private sector-led models, community participation and share the progress made in the sector. This report is intended for city managers, municipal functionaries, elected representatives, state decision makers, CSOs and private sector players to understand the developments in FSSM and opportunities it presents.